meninges	has three separates membranes layers duration mater arachnioid pia mater
dura mater	beneath the bony cranium protects the brain
arachnoid	filled with cerebrospinal fluid and contain branching fibers that connect to the pia mater
pia mater	next to the brain that contains spieder Web like network of small blood vessels
cerebellum	is the separate rounded section of the brain that lies inferior and posterior to the cerebrum
central nervous system	contains the brain and the spinal cord
peripheral nervous system	contains the cranial nerves and the spinal nerves
the nervous system is divided	into the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
the brain	the largest part of the central nervous system
hemisphere	is each half of the cerebrum
corpus callosum	is the middle of the cerebrum
CNS	central nervous system
frontal lobe	originates conscious, thought and intelligence cordinates mouth lips tongue to produce speech left frontal lobe
parietal lobe	analyzes sensory touch tempeture vibrational pain. analyzes gustatory cortex
temporal lobe	analyzes sensory information about hearing. analyzes auditory cortex, olfactory cortex right temporal lobe
occipital lobe	analyzes sensory information about vision. visual cortex
the thalamus	located near the center of the cerebrum, acts as a relay station receiving sensory information from the cranial nerves and the spinal nerves is part of the limbic system the deals with emotions
LP	lumbar puncture Procedure to obtain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) also known as a spinal tap
manometer	to measure the intracranial pressure as the (CSF) cerebrospinal fluid rises in the manometer
CAT	computer axial tomography
CT	computer tomography
CAT and CT	CAT procedure that uses x-rays to create many individual closely spaced images CT scan used to view the cranium, brain, vertebral column and spinal cord.
CTs	carpal tunnel syndrome
CTs carpal tunnel syndrome	chronic condition by repetitive motions of the hand and wrist often from constant typing or data entry. there is tingling in the hand because of inflammation and sewelling of the tendons
narcolepsy	brief, involuntary episodes of falling asleep during day time while engaged in ctivity.
Parkinson disease	chronic degenerative disease due to an imbalance in the levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine.
CVA cerebrovascular accident	disruption or blockage of blood flow to the brain.
PET positron emission tomography scan	shows the metabolic activity to the brain
syncope or syncopal episode	patient becomes lightheaded fainting unconscious briefly caused by carotid artery cardiac arrhythmia that decrease blood flow to the brain
TIA transient is chemical attack	a temporary lack of oxigenated blood to the brain it's effects last only 24 hrs.
ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerois	chronic progressive disease of the motor nerves coming from the spinal cord. it is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease
afferent nerve	dorsal nerve roots and their spinal nerve are categorized
ventral nerve roots are categorized	efferent nerve because they carry nerve impulses from the spinal cord to the body
the right hemisphere	analyzes the emotional content of words but not the actual words.
the left hemisphere	performs mathematical and logical reasoning and problem solving and coordinates the recall of memories.
MRI magnetic resonance imaging	procedure that uses magnetic field and radio waves to align the protons in the body to emit signals that create an image
AFP alpha fetoprotein	test performed on a sample of amniotic fluid taken from the uterus during pregnancy. it's used to diagnose a neural tube defect in the fetus before birth.
laminectomy	surgical excision of the lamina removal of this bony segment relieves pressure on the dorsal nerve roots and relieves pain from a herniated nucleus pulposus
parasympathetic division	is active when the body is sleeping
sympathetic division	is active when the body is active or exercising
autonomic nervous system	controls the involuntary contractions of cardiac muscle in the heart
epilepsy	recurring condition in wich a group of neurons in the brain spontaneously send out electrical impulses in an abnormal uncontrolled way.

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